Amazing behind the scenes photos from the making of the film 'Jaws', 1975

Jaws is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg, based on the 1974 novel by Peter Benchley. It stars Roy Scheider as Police Chief Martin Brody, who, with the help of a marine biologist (Richard Dreyfuss) and a professional shark hunter (Robert Shaw), hunts down a man-eating great white shark in a summer resort town. Hitting the beach.

Murray plays Hamilton Mayer, and Lorraine plays Gary Brody's wife. The screenplay is credited to Benchley, who wrote the first draft, and actor-writer Carl Gottlieb, who rewrote the script during principal photography.

Filmed mostly on location at Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts, Jaws was the first major motion picture to be shot at sea, and resulted in a troubled production with issues such as budget and going past schedule.

As the mechanical shards of the art department often perish, Spielberg decided to suggest the presence of mostly shards, employing an ominous and minimalist theme created by composer John Williams to indicate his imminent presence. . Spielberg and others have compared this suggestive approach to director Alfred Hitchcock.

The film's release on Universal Pictures' more than 450 screens was an exceptionally wide release for a major studio picture at the time, and was accompanied by an extensive marketing campaign with a heavy emphasis on television spots and tie-in merchandise.

Jaws was the prototypical summer blockbuster, regarded as a turning point in motion picture history, and won several awards for its music and editing. It was the highest-grossing film of all time until the release of Star Wars in 1977.

Both films were instrumental in establishing the modern Hollywood business model, which pursues high box-office returns from action and adventure films with simple high-concept precincts released over the summer in thousands of theaters and heavily advertised.

Jaws was instrumental in establishing the advantages of a wider national release supported by heavy television advertising rather than a traditional progressive release, with a film gradually entering new markets and building support over time.

Saturation bookings, in which a film opens in thousands of theaters simultaneously, and mass media purchases are now common for major Hollywood studios

The film also had wider cultural implications. Just as the pivotal scene in 1960's Psycho made the rain a new source of anxiety, Jaws inspired many viewers to fear going to sea.

This was attributed to a reduction in beach attendance in 1975, as well as more reported shark sightings. This is still seen as responsible for perpetuating negative stereotypes about sharks and their behavior, and for producing the so-called "Jaws Effect", which allegedly caused "legends of fishermen [Joe] to be piled into boats". and killed thousands of marine predators in shark-fishing tournaments."

Benchley said that he would not have written the original novel if he had known what sharks really are like in the wild. Conservation groups have lamented the fact that the film made it hard enough to convince the public that the sharks should be protected.

Jaws received mostly positive reviews upon release. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film four stars, calling it "a sensationally effective action picture, a horror thriller that works all the better because it's filled with characters who have evolved into humans".

Variety's A.D. Murphy praised Spielberg's directing skills, and called Robert Shaw's performance "absolutely brilliant".

According to Pauline Kell of The New Yorker, it was "the most delightfully distorted horror film ever... [with] more excitement, a lot more power, [and] it was a Woody Allen kind of thing than an early Woody Allen picture." is funny".

For New Times Magazine, Frank Rich wrote, "Spielberg is blessed with a talent that is absurdly absent from most American filmmakers these days: this man really knows how to tell a story on screen. ... It bodes well for this director's gifts that some of the most horrifying scenes in Jaws are the ones where we don't even see the sharks."

Writing for New York Magazine, Judith Crist described the film as "an exhilarating adventure entertainment of the highest order" and praised its acting and "extraordinary technical achievements".

Rex Reed praised the "nervous-frying" action sequences and concluded that "for the most part, Jaws is a gripping horror film that works beautifully in every department".

Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote, "It is a measure of how film operates that for once we do not feel special sympathy for any of the victims of sharks. ... in terms of action in the best movies." Characters come to the fore. In films like Jaws, characters are simply acts of action ... like stage hands that support and convey information when necessary".

Los Angeles Times critic Charles Champlin disagreed with the film's PG rating, stating that "the jaws are too gruesome for children, and likely to turn the stomachs of influential people at any age. ... And there is exploitative work that relies heavily on it for its effect. Ashore is a bore, awkwardly staged and outright written."

Marcia Magill of Films in Review said that while Jaws is "notably worth watching for its second part", she felt that the film was "often flawed by its preoccupation" prior to the discovery of Shark's protagonist.

Commentary by William S. Pechter described Jaws as "a mind-numbing meal for sensory-saturated gluttons" and "this essentially manipulative type of filmmaking"; Molly Haskell of The Village Voice similarly described it as a "scary machine" that operates with computer-like precision. ... you feel like a rat being given shock therapy".

The film's most critical aspect has been the artificiality of its mechanical adversary: ​​Magill declared that "the programmed shark actually has a fake close-up", and in 2002, online critic James Berardinelli said that Spielberg's cleverly mysterious If not for Disha, "We would have doubled down with laughter at the innocence of the animatronic creature."

Halliwell's Film Guide stated that "despite the truly suspenseful and horrifying scenes, it is a slow-paced and at times flatly controlled thriller with an overabundance of dialogue and, when it finally unfolds, a Very unconvincing monster."